Cardio-respiratory pre-participation screening of competitive athletes

Substantially, it was to highlight how valuable is the routine use of ECG, echocardiography and spirometry among the pre-participation routine examinations for the athletes to differentiate between normal physiological and the pathological changes that could face down the performance of the athletes during competitions or even more might endanger their lives. The study was conducted among some junior athletes who were attending at Sports Medicine center in Madinat Nasr for regular assessment of their physical fitness. The study sample included 120 junior athletes from the national team of football [< 17 years and < 19 years]. Another 95 non- athletic healthy individuals from the school for talented students were selected to represent the control group. They were classified into two groups, each one was matching with a corresponding athletic group in age. Age, body weight, height and body mass index were recorded. Ergometric test with Spirometry, ECG and echocardiography were applied for all the participants. Both groups were matching with their corresponding controls concerning age and height, while the weight and body mass index were found to be statistically significantly higher among their corresponding controls. It was proved in our study that athletes do have statistically significantly lower resting heart and maximum heart rates with higher VO2 max comparing with the non athletes. The anaerobic threshold values were statistically significantly lower among the athletes that were found to be achieved after prolonged times of performance if compared with the control groups. All the spirometric parameters were statistically significantly higher among the athletes. EGG and echocardiography, revealed a normal and accepted physiological changes that can be acquired due to prolonged training. Based on the results of the study, it's deemed that spirometry, ECG, and echocardiography must be tabled among the pre-participation routine examinations of the athletes as a sensible approach to differentiate the physiological changes from the pathological ones, which subsequently can mitigate the usual raised concern of sudden death of athletes during prolonged competitions

epidemiological study of cancer breast in greater Cairo

This study was carried out to get a picture of risk factors associated with the occurrence of cancer breast. Three hundred and seventy two females [180 breast cancer patients and 192 controls] were selected from Ain Shams and Benha University Hospitals to be the subjects of this study. The results showed that the important risk factors affecting the development of cancer breast were : parity, age at first birth, age of menarche, age of the patient, family history, number of pregnancies and age of natural menopause. Mostly these factors are interrelated to each other

Risk factors of gallstone disease in a sample of patients in Benha city

This study included one hundred cases of gallstone disease diagnosed by ultrasonography and a similar group of matched controls chosen from Benha University and General Hospitals. Both cases and controls were subjected to a specially designed questionnaire, clinical examination, anthropometric measurements, ultrasonography and laboratory investigations to find out some risk factors that may contribute to the development of gallstone disease. Females constituted the majority of cases [87%] while males were a minority [13%]. In both sexes, the highest percentages of cases were among patients aged fifty years or more [53.8% and 33.3% for males and females respectively]. Bad dietery habits including increased consumption of animal fats and frequent use of snacks between meals, obesity as indicated by body mass index and body fat percent, positive family history of gallstones and liver cirrhosis were found to be significant risk factors in the predisposition to gallstones in the present study. On the other hand, factors suggest hormonal role in the pathogenesis of gallstones such as age of menarche, duration of menstrual life, age at first pregnancy, multiparity and duration of contraceptive pills use did not show any signficant difference between female cases and controls

Impact of demographic and environmental factors on bronchial asthma in children

Some personal, familial and environmental factors were studied in a group of 200 well diagnosed asthmatic children aged from one month to fifteen years, collected from the pediatric allergy outpatients clinic of Mansoura University Hospital to find out factors that contribute to the development, precipitation and aggravation of bronchial asthma. Male children were more affected than females as they represented 63.5%, 36.5% of the sample respectively. In both sexes, the disease was more frequent in children aged from two to four years [26.5%], but those who developed the disease in infancy had the highest severity. Positive personal history of allergic disease, past history of previous attacks of respiratory illness together with the pattern of nutriton in infancy were significantly related to the developement and aggravation of asthma. There was a significant association between parental consanguinity and family history of asthma and the occurrence of ashtma. Respiratory tract infection was the most important precipitating factor while house dust was the most common allergen precipitating asthmatic attacks and reaction in skin test

Cardiorespiratory assessment of police women in relation to short term training program

The impaction of short term training program on the cardiorespiratory functions of police women was investigated. Sixty female subjects were selected randomly from the police Sport Union in Abbassia at Cairo Governorate. The study sample consisted of two groups. the experimental group [police women] and the control group [official employees]. The assessment was done before and after four weeks including anthropometric measures, pulse rate, blood pressure, fitness score test and pulmonary ventilatory functions. The experimental group received short term training program on aerobicycle for four weeks with recreational training by the trainer of the team. The study showed that short term training has an effect on improving the cardiorespiratory functions, There was an increase in average calories expenditure, maximum work load and fitness score. There was a significant lowering in pulse and pulse recovery time. Also, there was an improvement in the pulmonary ventilatory functions due to application of such term training program

Identification of spinal deformities in a sample of preparatory school children

This study was carried out on 1694 pupils of both sexes, randomly selected from the preparatory schools in Benha city, where a spinal mass screening examinations were done, then followed by confirmatory test by using postural Skan-A-Graft device for pupils thought to have deformities, to determine the prevalence rate of spinal deformities. The results showed that 229 pupils were suffeing from spine deformities, with an overall prevalence of 13.5%. The prevalence rate of spinal deformity was higher among females [15.6%] than males [11.4%] and the female to male ratio was averaging 1.4:1. Analysis of the data revealed that. Kyphosis is the most prevalent type of spine deformity [5.7%], followed by scoliosis [4.95%], combined [2.5%] and the pure lordosis is the least frequent deformity [0.4%]

Ischaemic heart diseases among the employees of banks an epidemiological study

Prevalence study was carried out to get a picture of risk factors contributing to the development of ischaemic heart diseases [IHD] among the employees of banks in Benha and Mansoura cities. Two hundred and fifty one individuals [202 males and 49 females] were selected to be the material of this study. The results pointed out to the following conclusions: The prevalence of IHD was 9.6% males [9.2%] were more affected than females [0.4%]. The mean age among the group suffered from IHD was 48.2 + 7.1 years. Also IHD was found to affect 20.2% of smokers. Individuals with blood group B were more affected [20.8%] than individuals with other blood groups. Suitable recommendations were included

Clinical and immunological responses to cotton dust exposure among workers in cotton industry

This study was carried out on 206 workers, selected randomly from workers of ESCO Company in Kaliubia governorate, to reveal the effect of exposure to cotton dust on health of workers and to investigate the role of cotton antigen in the etiology of cotton related symptoms or diseases. The examined workers were divided into an exposed and a control group comprising 150 and 81 workers respectively. The results showed higher prevalence of chest symptoms among exposed workers than controls. Workers in dusty operations showed more chest symptoms than in less dusty ones. The longer the duration of exposure the more prevalent were the chest symptoms. Exposure to cotton dust can lead to acute and chronic reduction in FEV which was directly proportional to duration and level of exposure and prevalence of respiratory symptoms. The titre of total IgE and specific IgE antibodies to cotton antigen in the serum of exposed workers was not significantly different from that of controls

Effects of rice husk dust on the pulmonary function measurements of rice polishing workers

Dakahlia Governorate is considered one of the important areas for cultivation and polishing of rice. Several studies showed that dust acts as an airway irritant. Therefore the present work was carried out to study some pulmonary function measurements of rise polishing workers and to investigate the effects of parasitic upon the pulmonary function of the exposed workers. The study population comprised of 109 workers exposed to rise husk dust and 30 individuals as controls. All subjects were submitted to a designed questionnaire, pulmonary function tests, urine and stool analysis. A significant reduction in the mean values of the pulmonary function measurements of the exposed workers comared to the controls. Also there was a significant decline in the pulmonary function indices of the exposed workers with parasitic infestation compared to those exposed and free from parasites. Bilharzial infestation has a more significant reductive effect on the pulmonary function than that of Entamaeba histolytica. In exposed workers, smoking significantly reduced the mean values of all lung functions of smokers parasitic infections compared to those with of the non-smokers with parasitic infections. This implies the possibility of a relation between smoking, parasitic infestation and exposure to rice husk dust, on one hand and the palmonary indices measured on the others

Biological indicators and lipogram pattern among workers in battery industry

The effects of chronic lead exposure on the cardiovascular system were investigated in the workers in the battery industry at Chloride Company. One hundred and ten workers exposed to lead were selected randomly, also 45 workers who have never been exposed to lead before, of comparable age group and socioeconomic standard were selected randomly to be the control group. General clinical examination, cardiovascular manifestations [by an observation sheet], blood pressure determination were carried out and blood lead, urinary delta amino levulenic acid and lipogram pattern [total lipids, cholesterol and its fractions, triglycerides and B/A lipoproteins] were determined. Also lactic acid dehydrogenase and lactic acid isoenzymes estimation were performed. The atmospheric lead concentration was found to be 0.039 - 0.28 ug/m3. The present study showed high prevalence of cardiovascular manifestations [27.3%] and hypertension [35.5%] among exposed workers with significant correlation between systolic and diastolic blood pressure and some parameters of lipogram pattern on one hand with blood lead and urinary delta amino levulenic acid

Impact of gestational age and birth weight on neonatal morbidity and mortality

Mortality among preterms and post-terms were high [70.2% and 71%] respectively, while fullterms showed in least mortality [37.9%]. There was significant negative correlation between mortality and birth weight or gestational age when each was analysed alone. The most cause of death in pre-term was Respiratory Distress [41.3%], while in full term and post-term cerebral insult was the first cause of death [30.8% and 40%] respectively. The results showed that in preterm the most fearfull morbidity was respiratory distress [51%] while in full term and post-term infection was the first cause of morbidity representing [43% and 50%] respectively

Ecological analysis of meningitis cases admitted to Fakoos fever hospital

This study was carried out on [115] cases of meningitis admitted to Fakoos fever hospital in the year, 1985. the results pointed out to the following conclusions: meningitis occurred more often in young children [42.6%] and males [67.8%] were more affected than females [32.2%], the majority of cases were aseptic meningitis [60%] followed by septic meningitis [34.8%] and tuberculous meningitis [5.2%]. The highest seasonal frequency of meningitis cases were in winter [46.1%] and spring [32.2%]. The disease was more frequent in cases coming from rural areas [82.6%]. The natural history and fatality of the disease were illustrated

Study of ventilatory lung function and anthropometric measurements in female athlete students

Two hundered female students aged from 18 to 24 years were the subjects of this study. They were divided into a group of 100 athletes and another group of 100 controls from non athletes. Anthropometric measurements and pulmonary function recordings were done for the two groups. The female athlete students have heavy muscular weight, with less total body fat and less deposition of subcutaneous fat as clearly illustrated by the skin fold thickness measurements. They are taller and have better chest expansion during respiration. Training results in increased ventilatory efficiency. The various lung volumes measured under resting conditions are higher in physically trained compared to untrained individuals